據(jù)安迅思4月14日消息稱，美國(guó)的大規(guī)模基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施現(xiàn)代化計(jì)劃包括數(shù)千億美元，用于促進(jìn)電動(dòng)汽車、可再生能源和先進(jìn)清潔能源技術(shù)的市場(chǎng)，同時(shí)取消對(duì)化石燃料的補(bǔ)貼。

　　這使得價(jià)值2萬億美元的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)藍(lán)圖成為政府迄今為止在實(shí)現(xiàn)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)到2050年脫碳和恢復(fù)美國(guó)在應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖問題上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位方面邁出的最大一步。據(jù)投資公司Raymond James估計(jì)，雖然該計(jì)劃的大部分是針對(duì)重建道路和橋梁等傳統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的目標(biāo)，但約有三分之一(即628億美元)與氣候有關(guān)。

　　這項(xiàng)提案在成為現(xiàn)實(shí)之前還必須經(jīng)過國(guó)會(huì)的辯論和批準(zhǔn)，它受到了可再生能源行業(yè)和一些環(huán)保人士的歡呼，同時(shí)也受到了石油和天然氣鉆探者的批評(píng)。太陽能工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)首席執(zhí)行官Abigail Ross Hopper在一份聲明中說：“拜登總統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施提案是實(shí)現(xiàn)我們集體清潔能源目標(biāo)的重要一步。”

　　美國(guó)可再生能源委員會(huì)表示，該計(jì)劃“將使清潔能源部門擺脫無休止的臨時(shí)性激勵(lì)措施。” 代表美國(guó)最大的石油和天然氣公司的美國(guó)石油協(xié)會(huì)表示，該計(jì)劃將“破壞美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，危及高薪工作。”

　　在與氣候有關(guān)的最大規(guī)定中，該計(jì)劃包括投資1740億美元，通過刺激國(guó)內(nèi)供應(yīng)鏈和給予消費(fèi)者購買電動(dòng)汽車回扣來“贏得電動(dòng)汽車市場(chǎng)”。這也為風(fēng)能和太陽能項(xiàng)目開發(fā)商帶來了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的勝利，他們提議將該行業(yè)的關(guān)鍵稅收抵免延長(zhǎng)10年，遠(yuǎn)比過去享受補(bǔ)貼的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。相比之下，它將取消對(duì)化石燃料生產(chǎn)商的數(shù)十億美元補(bǔ)貼，主要是以稅收減免的形式。

　　朱佳妮 摘譯自 安迅思

　　原文如下：

　　USA plans to invest in the market of advanced green energy technologies

　　U.S.’s vast plan to modernize the nation’s infrastructure includes hundreds of billions of dollars to boost the market for electric vehicles, renewable power and advanced clean energy technologies, while stripping away subsidies for fossil fuels.

　　That makes the USD2 trillion infrastructure blueprint one of the administration’s biggest steps to date in achieving its agenda to decarbonize the U.S. economy by 2050 and restore the nation’s leadership in addressing global warming. While much of the package is aimed at traditional infrastructure goals like rebuilding roads and bridges, about a third, or USD628 billion, is linked to climate, according to an estimate by investment firm Raymond James.

　　The proposals, which must still be debated and approved by Congress before becoming reality, drew cheers from the renewable energy industry and some environmentalists, along with criticism oil and gas drillers. “President Biden’s infrastructure proposal is a significant step in meeting our collective clean energy goals,” Solar Energy Industries Association Chief Executive Abigail Ross Hopper said in a statement.

　　The American Council on Renewable Energy said the plan “will move the clean energy sector beyond the endless cycles of temporary stopgap incentives.” The American Petroleum Institute, which represents the country’s biggest oil and gas companies, said the plan would “undermine the nation’s economic recovery and jeopardize good-paying jobs."

　　Among the biggest climate-related provisions, the plan includes USD174 billion in investment to “win the EV market” by spurring domestic supply chains and giving consumers rebates to buy electric cars. It also delivers a key win for wind and solar project developers with a proposal to extend the industry’s key tax credits by a decade, far longer than the timelines the subsidies have enjoyed in the past. By contrast, it would strip away billions of dollars’ worth of subsidies available to fossil fuels producers, mainly in the form of tax breaks.